scipy.special — Special functions

The scipy.special submodule provides element-wise special mathematical functions. Like the universal functions in numpy, every routine accepts a scalar, a scalar-valued iterable (range, list, tuple), or an numpy.ndarray, and returns a new numpy.ndarray of dtype float.

Functions

scipy.special.erf(x: ndarray | Iterable[float] | float) → ndarray

Element-wise Gauss error function, erf(x) = (2 / sqrt(pi)) * integral(exp(-t**2), 0, x).

Parameters:

x – a scalar, scalar-valued iterable, or numpy.ndarray.

Returns:

a float numpy.ndarray with the same shape as the input.

scipy.special.erfc(x: ndarray | Iterable[float] | float) → ndarray

Element-wise complementary error function, erfc(x) = 1 - erf(x), computed in a way that retains accuracy for large x.

Parameters:

x – a scalar, scalar-valued iterable, or numpy.ndarray.

Returns:

a float numpy.ndarray with the same shape as the input.

scipy.special.gamma(x: ndarray | Iterable[float] | float) → ndarray

Element-wise Gamma function.

Parameters:

x – a scalar, scalar-valued iterable, or numpy.ndarray.

Returns:

a float numpy.ndarray with the same shape as the input.

scipy.special.gammaln(x: ndarray | Iterable[float] | float) → ndarray

Element-wise natural logarithm of the absolute value of the Gamma function.

Parameters:

x – a scalar, scalar-valued iterable, or numpy.ndarray.

Returns:

a float numpy.ndarray with the same shape as the input.